Abstract
Introduction: It is thought that intrauterine growth restriction induces respiratory maturation. The information varies if the studies consider analysis based on birth weight or gestational age.
Objective: The goal of this study is to compare the incidence and evolution of hyaline membrane disease (HMD) between small and adequate premature babies under 35 weeks of gestational age (< 35 wGA) based on data in the literature.
Patients and Methods: Two databases were created and analyzed: a) 2 022 newborns < 35 wGA admitted to the Service, whose incidence of HMD was calculated, and b) 733 newborns < 35 wGA with HMD and treated with surfactant, to describe the evolution.
Results: Analysis of GA group shows a higher incidence of HMD (35.2%) among small for GA, and less (29.1%) among those who are not small for GA (p: 0.026). If a subset is formed for the newborns < 1 500 g in brithweight, those small for gestational age have a lower incidence (47.5%) than those adequate for GA (60.7%). Logistic regression analysis for discharge with oxygen of newborns with HMD shows association with lower z score for birthweight, corticosteroid use and oxygen dependence at 36 weeks.
Conclusions: Preterm newborns small for GA show a higher incidence of HMD and oxygen dependence when comparing for GA.
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