Abstract
Introduction: Lipids percentage distribution in human milk depends on the diet and maternal nutritional status. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is essential for child neurodevelopment.
Aim: To relate DHA percentage in the milk of lactating mothers with the same fatty acid percentage in red blood cell membranes (RBCM) of their infants.
Material and Methods: We performed a descriptive, cross-sectional study. We analyzed milk samples from adult mothers attending IDIP´s Health Observatory 90 days after delivery; and RBCM from their infants, with exclusive breastfeeding, in the period 2016-2018. DHA percentage was determined by gas chromatography. DHA normality values were analyzed with the Shapiro Wilk test. Data are presented as median interquartile ranges. ω-3 intake was evaluated with a monthly qualitative consumption frequency questionnaire (simple selection). Protocol was approved by the Institutional Research Review Board.
Results: 45 milk from mothers and 45 RBCM from their infants were studied. A low DHA percentage [0.14 (0.12;0.2)] in milk and a significant positive correlation between DHA milk and infant’s RBCM DHA (r = 0.39; p-value 0.008) was found. When milk was separated according to % DHA was < or ≥ 0.20, a significantly higher % of DHA was found in the RBCM of those infants who consumed milk with % DHA ≥ 0.20 [3.30 (2.80; 4.41) % vs 4.56 (4.20; 5.21), p = 0.0043].
Conclusion: A significant positive correlation between milk DHA and infant RBCM DHA was found.
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