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Abstract
Infant botulism is rare in Chile. This severe toxemia caused by the ingestion of Clostridium botulinum spores manifests as a descending flaccid paralysis, progressing from cranial neuropathy to ventilatory insufficiency.
Objective: To report the case of a patient with ventilatory insufficiency caused by this neuroparalytic disease.
Clinical Case: 7-month-old infant, who consulted due to a two-day history of difficulty feeding. On admission to the Intensive Care Unit, cranial nerve palsies, areflexic bilateral mydriasis, and compromised state of consciousness were observed. The imaging study did not show pathological findings. The stool sample was (+) for Clostridium botulinum with isolation of toxin A. Electromyography was discarded. The patient required invasive mechanical ventilation for 2 months. The patient presented motor recovery after a year of evolution.
Conclusion: Infant botulism is a diagnostic challenge given its rarity, therefore a high index of suspicion is required.
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