Abstract
Introduction: Liver transplantation is a highly complex procedure considered the treatment of choi- ce in patients with end-stage liver disease; however, morbidity and mortality due to post-transplan- tation complications continues to be an important problem that must be recognized, diagnosed, and treated promptly.
Objective: To determine the complications during the first year after liver transplantation in pediatric patients of the San Borja National Institute of Child Health (INSN-SB) during the period 2016-2020.
Materials and Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. The medi- cal records of liver transplant patients seen during post-transplant follow-up at the INSN-SB were reviewed, collecting epidemiological characteristics, indication for transplantation, pediatric end- stage liver disease (PELD) score, Child-Pugh-Turcotte (CHILD) score, and complications prior to the transplant, as well as the frequency of the main complications presented during the first year after the transplant.
Results: Of the 16 patients evaluated, 62.5% were under 1 year of age, with a median weight of 7.4kg, 50% presented a CHILD C score, with a median PELD of 23, the main reason for transplantation was atresia of bile ducts (62.5%), the main complications prior to transplantation were portal hypertension (75%) and malnutrition (68.8%). All post-transplant patients presented at least one infectious complication: bacterial (53%), Cytomegalovirus infection (75%), and Epstein- Barr infection (31%); Regarding vascular complications, 25% presented portal vein thrombosis and one patient (6%) presented hepatic artery stenosis; Regarding biliary complications, 12.5% presented biliary fistula and also 12.5% stenosis of the bile duct.
Conclusions: Among the main complications of the post-liver transplant patient, we can highlight that all patients presented at least one infectious complication (100%), vascular complications in 31% and biliary complications in 31% of patients.
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