Abstract
Introduction: The COVID 19 pandemic created a new scenery for infections associated to health care, including the central line associated blood stream infections (CLABSI).
Objetive: To describe the tendency of bloodstream infection associated to central venous lines (CLABSI / ITS-CVC) in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of the Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño (Lima, Perú) during a period of 3 years. From July 2019 to June 2022. Design: observational, longitudinal, retrospective and analytic study.
Material and Method: All patients less than 18 years of age admitted to the PICU of the INSN with central venous catheters. The rate of incidence of infection associated to central venous catheter per 1 .000 catheter-days per month and per year were determined.
Results: 624 patients with CVC, with an equivalence of 5183 days of exposure to the CVC were followed during the three-year period; 9 patients had central line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI). 6 of the 9 patients with CLABSI were observed during 2021 giving an average rate of 3.17 infections per 1 000 catheter-days. During the last semester of 2019 (pre-pandemic) there were no infections due to CVC in the 116 patients requiring observation. During the first year of pandemic for COVID 19 (2020), only 1 of the 124 patients with CVC presented CLABSI with a rate of incidence of 1,10. During the first six months of 2022, 2 of the 166 patients under observation developed CLABSI with an average rate of 1.58.
Conclusions: The effects of the COVID 19 pandemic causing the decrease in the health staff and the adequate follow-up of the basic security measures may have influenced in the increase of the rates of incidence of CLABSI in the UCIP, but a decrease in infections of CVC was progressively observed in 2022 with the reimplementation of the simple low-cost evidenced-based measures and changes in institutional cultural attitudes.
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