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Abstract
People on the Autism Spectrum (AS) face multiple health, education, social, and economic problems. There is limited available information in Chile.
Objective: To describe the access and satisfaction with health and education services, family and economic impact, stigma, and quality of life of people with AS and their families in Chile.
Subjects and Method: Parents/caregivers of AS persons completed the Caregiver Needs Survey, developed by Autism Speaks, which includes demographic information, characteristics of AS persons (previously published), use of health and education services, parents/caregivers’ perceptions of satisfaction, impact, stigma, and quality of life.
Results: 291 caregivers (86% mothers) of 291 AS persons participated, 89% were male, aged 1-40 years (X:10.4 SD:6.1). Limited and unspecific access to health services is reported. 77% are regularly attending a standard or special school system. Families pay for over 60% of therapies/medical care and over 40% of specific educational support, and 25% report difficulties in accessing services. The family income is affected by resignation (35%) or reduced working hours (46%). Stigma is associated with possible discrimination and feelings of helplessness. The main priorities mentioned for a better quality of life are support for inclusive schooling, better adjustment at home, and improved socialization.
Conclusions: This survey provides relevant information about the needs, barriers, and challenges of AS people in Chile and highlights the difficulties in accessing health services and the severe impact on family income. Feelings of stigma, discrimination, and helplessness are reported. Collaborative strategies are needed to improve the quality and access to services and to reduce the economic and mental health burden on the family
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